Vineyard Management練習問題①（英語版）です。重要な箇所だと思われますので、しっかり勉強する事をお勧めします。こちらでは、試験準備に役立つ様々な想定問題を用意しております。
Vineyard Management練習問題①（英語版）
- What is the condition that more flowers than normal fail to fertilized?
- Coulure
- What is the condition that grapes form without seed and remain small?
- Millerandage
- Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Hand harvesting vs Mechanical harvesting.
Hand harvesting
- more labor cost.
- It is slow.
- It can’t be done at night. So grapes are warm. More oxidation. Need to cool down at winery.
- You can harvest any vineyard locations include steep slope.
- You can select and remove unhealthy or poor quality grapes on the vineyard.
- Grapes affected by noble rot need to be done hand harvesting.
- To do carbon maceration grapes need to be whole bunch. It can only come from hand harvesting.
Mechanical Harvesting
- The machine is expensive. It’s good for large winery.
- MOG is common. Further sorting is often needed.
- It is faster. Growers can harvest during night. It means grapes are kept cold. It’s good for aromatic grapes.
- You can’t use machine if the vineyard is steep slope. It has to be flat or gentle slope.
- For the vine describe what and when Veraison occur?
- Veraison is start of the process that the small hard green grapes start to ripen.
- During this period both red and white grapes change color.
- Red grapes go from green to red then to purple.
- White grapes become translucent and golden.
- It occurs 6-8 weeks after fruit set.
- It signals the start of ripening.
- In Northern Hemisphere it’s July to September.
- In Southern Hemisphere it’s January to March.
- What happens shortly after Veraison but before harvest?
- Grape ripening occurs.
- The grapes swell and fill with water.
- During the ripening the sugar levels increase.
- Acidity levels decrease.
- Color, flavor and tannin all accumulate at this time.
- Describe how sugar is created. Then describe two ways after fruit set what a viticulturist could speed up the build of sugar in grape.
- Through the process of photosynthesis sugar are created by leaves. Vine uses sunlight to convert CO2 and water to produce Oxygen and glucose.
- Trimming the canopy to restrict vegetative growth and direct sugar production to the grape.
- Green Harvest right after Veraison can be used to remove excess grapes. It means more leaves per grapes to built up the sugars.
- Using canopy management technique to make large canopy. Then leaves can receive more sunlight. This will increase the speed of creating the sugar during the ripening.
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